An allergy is an exaggerated immune system response to substances the body normally tolerates.

Common Causes

Allergic Rhinitis

Among various allergic manifestations , allergic rhinitis is a very common entity. In India, every 1 in 6people are found to have allergic rhinitis. But as the name suggests its not just a local pathology, rather a systemic illness.

Types

• Intermittent Allergic Rhinitis- It refers to symptoms occurring for less than four days a week or less than four consecutive weeks.
• Persistent Allergic Rhinitis- It is characterized by symptoms persisting for four days a week or more and lasting for at least four consecutive weeks.
• Mild Allergic Rhinitis- In this type, the symptoms have a minimal impact on the quality of life and
• Moderate-to-severe Allergic Rhinitis- In this type, the symptoms significantly affect the individual’s quality of life.

Common allergens responsible for allergic rhinitis:

• Pollen
• Dust Mites
• Molds
• Pet Allergens
• Air Quality Concerns
• Fungal Spores

Clinical presentation

Nasal symptoms encompass anterior or posterior rhinorrhea (runny nose at the front or back of the nostrils), sneezing, nasal blockage, and nose itching

Non-nasal symptoms manifest as ocular issues, including allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, characterized by eye itching, redness, and tearing, which frequently occur in AR patients.

Diagnostic approaches

• serum IgE test
• skin prick test
• allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) test

MANAGEMENT

Dr. Irania Ravanan
MBBS, MD (Internal Medicine), Diploma (Allergy and Asthma) DAA(CMC Vellore), ex.Consultant M.V .DIABETIC Hospital,Chennai.
Consultant – Internal Medicine, Diabetologist & Physician